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Background Parabens, a widely used class of preservatives, are suspected to be potential obesogens as emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals with reproductive and developmental toxicity. Objective To analyze five urinary parabens (PBs) and estimate the associations of exposure to PBs with adiposity measures in 10-year-old school-age children. Methods A total of 471 school-age children aged 10 years from the Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect socio-demographic information, physical activity, and dietary intake. Weight, height, and waist circumference of children were measured, and age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (BMI-Z score) was calculated. Spot urine samples were collected during the follow-up visits. Urinary concentrations of five PBs including methyl-paraben (MeP), ethyl-paraben (EtP), propyl-paraben (PrP), butyl-paraben (BuP), and benzyl-paraben (BzP) were detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Generalized linear models (GLMs) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to estimate associations of individual/overall urinary PBs concentrations with BMI Z-score and waist circumference. Results The positive rates of selected five urinary PBs were in the range from 78.98% to 98.94%. The urinary PBs concentrations (geometric mean) were in the range of 0.31-5.43 μg·L−1. The children's BMI Z-score and waist circumference (mean ± standard deviation) were (0.56±1.40) and (67.62±10.07) cm respectively. The GLMs results showed that the urinary BzP concentration was negatively associated with waist circumference (b=−0.08, 95%CI: −0.14, −0.02; P=0.01). In sex-stratified analysis, the urinary concentration of BzP was negatively associated with BMI-Z score (b=−0.59, 95%CI: −0.88, −0.30; P<0.001) and waist circumference (b=−0.80, 95%CI: −1.23, −0.37; P<0.001) in boys, but not in girls. The BKMR results also found significant negative correlations of urinary BzP concentrations with BMI-Z score and waist circumference, which were consistent with the GLM results. Conclusion The selected 10-year-old children are extensively exposed to PBs in the study area. Furthermore, childhood PBs exposure may have potential impacts on childhood adiposity measures with sex-specific effects.
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Chlorfenapyr and indenocarb are two new insecticides widely used in the world. In recent years, there have been a few cases of human being being poisoned by chlorfenapyr or indenocarb respectively at home and abroad, but no cases of poisoning caused by chlorfenapyr or indenocarb have been reported. A case of delayed central nervous system damage after chlorfenapyr and indoxacarb poisoning was reported for clinical reference.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between objective cognitive function and subjective memory in patients with epilepsy and the mediating effect of depression and anxiety.Methods:A total of 123 patients with epilepsy were included, and their basic information and clinical data were collected. The quality of life in epilepsy inventory-89 memory subscale, Beck depression inventory Ⅱ, Beck anxiety scale and repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status were used to evaluate the subjective memory, depression, anxiety and objective cognitive function of patients with epilepsy. SPSS 25.0 software was used for bivariate correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis, and PROCESS V3.5 macro program was used for Bootstrap mediating effect test.Results:(1)Correlation analysis showed that the objective cognitive function score of patients with epilepsy was negatively correlated with depression score ( r=-0.392, P<0.01) and anxiety score ( r=-0.310, P<0.01), while positively correlated with subjective memory score ( r=0.388, P<0.01). Subjective memory score was significantly negatively correlated with depression score ( r=-0.436, P<0.01) and anxiety score ( r=-0.395, P<0.01). (2)The mediating effects analysis showed that objective cognitive function of patients with epilepsy could affect the subjective memory through the mediating effects of depression and anxiety indirectly. The mediating effect accounted for 33.87% and 17.93% of the total effects respectively. Conclusion:Objective cognitive function, depression and anxiety are closely related to subjective memory in patients with epilepsy. Depression and anxiety play a mediating role between objective cognitive function and subjective memory in patients with epilepsy.
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OBJECTIVE@#To construct a HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice (gp120 Tg) with vimentin (VIM) gene knockout.@*METHODS@#Female HIV-1 gp120 Tg mice were mated to VIM heterozygote mice (F0). All the offspring mice were derived from these original founders so that both genotypes had the same mixed genetic background. The F1 mice were bred to generate of VIM, VIM, VIM/gp120 Tg and VIM/gp120 Tg mice. PCR was performed for genotyping of the mice, and the expressions of VIM and gp120 in the brain tissues were examined using immunoblotting.@*RESULTS@#The results of PCR showed the presence of the target bands in VIM, VIM, VIM/gp120 Tg and VIM/gp120 Tg mice. In VIM/gp120 Tg mice, gp120 expression was detected throughout the brain regions while no VIM expression was detected.@*CONCLUSIONS@#We generated gp120 transgenic mouse models with VIM gene knockout, which facilitate the exploration of the role of VIM in gp120-induced neurotoxicity.
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Animals , Female , Mice , Brain , Disease Models, Animal , HIV Envelope Protein gp120 , HIV-1 , Mice, Knockout , Mice, Transgenic , VimentinABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the oxidative stress and apoptosis of paracancerous liver tissue after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in rabbit models with VX2 hepatocarcinoma, in order to investigate the role of oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver tissue injury. Methods: Twenty-five rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models were established and randomly divided into TAE group (n=13) and control group (n=12). TAE group was treated with TAE, while no treatment was performed on control group. Peripheral blood indexes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBI), serum albumin (ALB) and prothrombin time (PT) were detected three days after operation in TAE group and the same time in control group. Then the experimental animals were killed, and the samples of tumor tissues and paracancerous liver tissues were obtained for histopathological examination, bioenzyme detection and apoptosis detection. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), Catalase (CAT) were detected by biochemical enzymatic assay. The apoptosis of hepatocytes was detected by using TUNEL method, and the apoptotic index (AI) was calculated. Results Compared with control group, ALT, AST and TBI increased, ALB decreased and PT prolonged, while SOD, GSH-PX, CAT decreased in TAE group (all P<0.001). Mild steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in paracancerous liver tissue of TAE group, while only mild steatosis was observed in control group. AI of TAE group was significantly higher than that of control group ([64.20±2.77]% vs [2.20±1.90]%; t=-112.30, P<0.001). Conclusion: The decrease of liver function after TAE in rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models maybe associate with the decrease of antioxidant activity and the oxidative stress which eventually lead to the increase of hepatocyte apoptosis.
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OBJECTIVE To describe the type, clinical features and curative effect of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with multiple canal involvement. METHODS Retrospective analysis was performed on 1502 patients diagnosed with BPPV. Multiple canal BPPV was diagnosed by Dix-Hallpike and roll test, which showed combination of typical nystagmus during the examination, and was treated by means of canalith repositioning manoeuvre. RESULTS Among the 1502 patients, multiple canal BPPV was diagnosed in 162 patients(10.8％), 74 patients(45.7％) had horizontal and posterior canal, 48 patients(29.6％) had bilateral posterior canal, 20 patients (12.3％) had posterior and anterior canal, 10 patients(6.2％) had bilateral horizontal canal, 6 patients(3.7％) had horizontal and anterior canal, 4 patients(2.5％) had bilateral anterior canal. Multiple canal BPPV was more associated with head trauma, a longer duration of treatment and more repositioning times were required in multiple canal BPPV compared with single canal BPPV. CONCLUSION The horizontal and posterior canal was the most common in the multi-canal BPPV, the treatment of multi-canal BPPV can be effective by repositioning maneuver.
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Objective:To evaluate the application of PG-SGA,NRS 2002 and BIA in nutritional assessment and screening of patients with gynecologic cancers.Methods:118 patients were randomly selected.Nutritional status were evaluated by PG-SGA,NRS 2002 and BIA,and consistency between each tools were compared.Results:The prevalence of malnutrition or nutritional risk of patients were 64.4％ (PG-SGA),57.6％ (NRS 2002),and 33.9％ (BIA) respectively.In all patients,the consistency of PG-SGA and NRS 2002 was high (P ＜ 0.001),while there were not significantly consistent between BIA and PG-SGA,or between BIA and NRS 2002 (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion:According to the evaluation of PG-SGA or NRS 2002 in gynecologic patients,the prevalence of malnutrition or nutritional risk is high,and these two scales are suitable for nutritional assessment and screening of gynecologic cancer patients,especially in ovarian cancer patients.In addition,BIA may be a promising tool to evaluate cervical cancer patients' nutritional status.